ozone generator is a device used to produce ozone gas (O3). Ozone is prone to decomposition and cannot be stored. It needs to be produced and used on-site (in special circumstances, it can be stored for a short period of time). Therefore, ozone generators must be used in all places where ozone is needed. Ozone generators are widely used in fields such as drinking water, sewage treatment, industrial oxidation, food processing and preservation, pharmaceutical synthesis, and space sterilization. The ozone gas produced by the ozone generator can be directly utilized or mixed with liquid through a mixing device to participate in the reaction.
The working principle of an ozone generator
When powered on, by applying a high-voltage electric field or ultraviolet radiation and using positive and negative electrodes, the system generates oxygen that polymerizes into ozone molecules.
The chemical equation for its reaction is: 3O2 ═ 2O3
According to the way ozone is produced, ozone generators can mainly be classified into three types: high-voltage discharge type, ultraviolet irradiation type and electrolytic type.
High-voltage discharge generator
This type of ozone generator uses a high-voltage current of a certain frequency to create a high-voltage corona electric field, causing oxygen molecules within or around the electric field to undergo electrochemical reactions, thereby generating ozone.
This type of ozone generator features mature technology, stable operation, long service life and large ozone output (up to 1Kg/h per unit), making it the most widely used ozone generator in related industries both at home and abroad.
In high-voltage discharge ozone generators, there are the following types:
1.According to the high voltage frequency of the generator, there are three types: power frequency (50-60Hz), medium frequency (400-1000Hz), and high frequency (>1000Hz).
Medium and high-frequency generators have the advantages of small size, low power consumption and large ozone output, and are the most commonly used products.
2. According to the gas raw materials used, there are two types: oxygen type and air type. Oxygen type is usually supplied with oxygen by oxygen cylinders or oxygen generators. Air type usually uses clean and dry compressed air as raw material.
Since ozone is produced by oxygen and the oxygen content in the air is only 21%, the ozone concentration produced by air-type generators is relatively low. However, the purity of oxygen in bottles or oxygen generators is above 90%, so the ozone concentration produced by oxygen-type generators is higher.
3. According to the cooling method, there are water-cooled type and air-cooled type. When an ozone generator is in operation, it generates a large amount of heat energy, which needs to be cooled; otherwise, the ozone will decompose while being produced due to high temperatures. The water-cooled generator has a good cooling effect, stable operation, no ozone attenuation, and can work continuously for a long time. However, its structure is complex and the cost is slightly higher. The cooling effect of the air-cooled type is not ideal, and the ozone attenuation is obvious. High-performance ozone generators with overall stable performance are usually water-cooled. Air cooling is generally only used in medium and low-end ozone generators with relatively small ozone output.
When choosing a generator, water-cooled types should be selected as much as possible.
4. Classified by dielectric materials, the common types include quartz tubes (a type of glass), ceramic plates, ceramic tubes, glass tubes and enamel tubes, etc. Ozone generators made of various dielectric materials are all available on the market, and their performances vary. Glass dielectric is one of the earliest materials used for artificial ozone production due to its low cost and stable performance, but it has poor mechanical strength. Ceramics are similar to glass, but ceramics are not suitable for processing, especially when used in large ozone generators, their application is restricted.
5. According to the structure of the ozone generator, there are two types: dielectric barrier discharge type (DBD) and open type.
6. According to the structure of the discharge chamber of the ozone generator, it can be divided into two types: tubular and plate.
Advantages of Ceramic plate Ozone Generators:
1. High Durability – Ceramic components resist corrosion and degradation, ensuring long service life even in harsh environments.
2. Stable Ozone Output– Ceramic electrodes provide consistent ozone production with minimal performance fluctuation.
3. Energy Efficiency – Low power consumption due to the excellent dielectric properties of ceramic materials.
4. Compact Design – Ceramic’s high structural integrity allows for compact, lightweight ozone modules.
5. Low Maintenance – Resistant to oxidation and chemical wear, reducing downtime and replacement costs.
6. Environmentally Friendly – No harmful byproducts; ceramic is a non-toxic, inert material.
Advantages of Quartz Tube Ozone Generators:
1. High Ozone Purity – Quartz glass (fused silica) is chemically inert, preventing contamination and ensuring high-concentration ozone output.
2. Excellent Dielectric Properties – Superior insulation allows for stable corona discharge, improving energy efficiency.
3. UV Transparency – Enables UV-based ozone generation (for specific designs) or hybrid UV/corona systems.
4. Thermal Shock Resistance – Withstands rapid temperature changes without cracking, ideal for high-power applications.
5. Long Lifespan – Resistant to oxidation and corrosion, reducing electrode degradation over time.
6. Low Maintenance – Smooth quartz surface minimizes fouling and simplifies cleaning.
Process of ceramic plate ozone generator:
1. Advanced Ceramic Electrodes – High-purity alumina ensure efficient ozone generation via corona discharge.
2. Precision Engineering – Laser-cut or molded ceramic plates enable uniform discharge gaps for optimized ozone yield.
3. Thermal Stability – Ceramics withstand high temperatures, preventing deformation and maintaining efficiency.
4. Modular Stackable Design – Scalable configurations for adjustable ozone output (e.g., medical, industrial, or water treatment applications).
5. Integrated Cooling – Some designs incorporate ceramic heat dissipation to enhance longevity and performance.
Process of quartz tube ozone generator:
1. Precision Tubular Design – Uniform wall thickness ensures consistent electric field distribution for efficient ozone synthesis.
2. High-Frequency Corona Discharge – Paired with quartz’s dielectric strength, it maximizes ozone yield per watt.
3. Double-Layer Construction – Some designs feature inner/outer tubes for enhanced cooling (air/water-cooled variants).
4. Seamless Integration – Compatible with stainless steel or titanium electrodes for hybrid durability.
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